Drier.



No. 657,86U. l Patented Sept. Il, |900. C. L. CUMMINGS.

DBIEB.,

(Applicatiun filed Dec. 14, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

E*- Si "JN wml, v

. 'R i3" l.)

N5 s.. Q d L2 l Q l I I l S f l N N WITNESSES: 'u f INVENTOR arZeSummz'ylqf "Q BY ATTORNEYS m: Noms vnzns co. pHoro-mno.. wsnmcwN, e. c

No. 657,860. Patented Sept. Il, |900. C. L. CUMMINGS.

DRIEB.

(Application tiled Dec. 14, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

i WITNESSES: INVENTOR Y )ya //n4% ATTORNEYS ma Nonms PETERS cc., Hom-mmc., 'wAsmNr-Tomp. c.

Patented Sept. Il, |900.

C. L. CUMMINGS.

D R l E B.

(Application filed Dec. 14, 1899.)

3 Sheets-Shaet 3.

(No Model.)

INVENTOR WITN ESS ES l wem/gw we Norms PETERS co, mmomr'm. wAsHmaTdn. v. c.

UNrrnD STATES PATENT' OFFICE.

CHARLES L. CUMMINGS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

DRIER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 657,860, dated September 1 1, 1900.

Application filed December 14, 1899. Serial No. 740,354. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ whom t may concern,.-

Beit known that I, CHARLES L. CUMMINGS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Driers, of which the following is a specification.

By means of this device such material, for example, as sand or other substances can be efficiently and economically dried or treated; and the invention resides in the novel features of construction set forth in the following specification and claims and illustrated in the annexed drawings, in Which-'- Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view of the drier. Fig. 2 is a section along AA, Fig. 3, showing an end view of the shell. Fig. 3 is a section along B B, Fig. 2, showing a side elevation of an end of the shell. Fig. 4. is a section along O O, Fig. l. Fig. is a section along D D, Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a section along E E, Fig. 1. Fig. 7 shows a modification.

On a base or support a are rollers or pulleys b, on which rotate the belt or ring pieces c. These belt-pieces are secured to or form part of a shell d, within which is another shell e. The two shells are connected or secured together by connecting-pieces f. The drum or shell e has supporting-surfaces g, made flue or passage shaped or so that a channel extends along inside each surface g. In speaking of surface g it is of course understood that any number of surfaces is meant. One surface or shelf g has been found to answer in certain cases; but a greater number is obviously of advantage. By making a sur- .faee g of a sheet of metal or suitable material and shaping or bending the material to an approximately V or other suitable shape and anging or securing the free ends of the bent or curved sheet to the shell e the surface g will have an internal passage. The surfaces are secured to the interior of the shell and extend toward one another. As the shell is rotated material in such shell will slide or pass from one surface to another. The Inaterial is thus agitated and spread and lumps are broken or comminution effected.

The shell e forms a passage outside or between the outer faces of the surfaces g. Say, for example, heat is caused to pass through shell e and to return or pass in the opposite direction through the internal passages h in surfaces g, said surfaces g, with shell c, are thoroughly warmed, and sand or gravel or the like agitated orpassed through said shell is efficiently heated or dried. Say, for example, heat or hot gases are to be passed thro ugh the shell e, such heat derived from a furnace or suitable supply passing through inlet i can enter shell e. The shell having its head 7c packed or seated about inlet t', escape or waste of heat is avoided. The surfaces g having one end of their passages h closed by plate Z, Fig. l, the heat or current lfrom t cannot enter directly into the passages h, but passes along shell e to the end fm and thence enters the passages h through the open ends of surfaces g. From passages h the heat or current passes through cuts or outlets n, Fig. il, in shell e and, entering the outer shell d, passes along the latter to the outlet o, having an exhaust-channel p, the exhaust of which is of suitable well-known construction. 'lhe shell d has an end at q closed, the opposite end being open to communicate with outlet or exhaust o.

The shells are shown placed in inclined position, so that the contained material will feed or work toward one end. This inclining can, however, be omitted and other feed methods be employed. If inclined, the shells can be kept from longitudinal displacement by hav ing a ring c held by a horizontal wheel or Wheels 1'. The gear-ring s, secured to the shells and driven by gear and shaft l and 2, will rotate the shells d e. The material to be treated can be fed through hopper The outer shell tends to keep the heat confined about the shell e or prevents radiation or loss Vof heat from said last-named shell. The material leaving shell e can be suitably led off, as through a chute 4., to a receptacle or point of use. If the material and hot gases enter drum e at one end and travel togetherthro ugh the drum, the gases or heat alone returning through the ues or passages h and thence passing along shell d, it is evident that the' heat is thoroughly exhausted or utilized in drying or warming the material dropping or passing through chute 4.

In practice it has been found convenient to make the outer shell d, or at least the portion of the outer shell comprised between the rings IOT) c, opening or held clasped about the piecesf by releasable fastenings, such as bolts 5, Fig. 7. Should access be desired to the inner shell or to inner parts of the apparatus, as for cleaning, repairing, or other purposes, the fastenings 5 being released allow shell d to open, so as to give the required access.

Each of the surfaces or hollow blades g, as seen in Fig. 6, extends or is placed non-radially or at an angle to the diameter of drum e, or at an angle to a plane passing through the axis of the drum and the apex or free end of. such blade. Said blades being inclined or extended toward one another beyond the axis or center of the shell, material sliding oi the uppermost blade will pass to the right of the spectator looking at, say, Fig. 6, and instead of falling to the bottom point or line of the drum or shell e will strike against the next lower blade at the right and from thence will land on the lowermost blade. By thus successively striking or sliding over hot blades the material is not only broken, but also thoroughly heated or dried, as such material is continually being spread over the heated faces of the blades. In stating that the blades extend beyond the axis of the shell it is understood that the blades are of such length thatan object falling from the uppermost point of the drum cannot fall below or pass by said axis without striking a blade.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a rotary drier, an outer shell, a drum secured within said shell and suitably spaced therefrom so as to form a heating-space, and a series of triangular-shaped hollow blades secured to the inner face of said drum and extending toward one another past the axis of the drum, said blades forming heatingsurfaces.

2. In a rotary drier, an outer shell, a drum secured therein and suitably spaced there- Vfrom so as to form a heating-space, a series of hollow blades secured to the inner face of said drum and extending toward one another non-radially and past the axis of the drum, said blades forming heating-surfaces, and means for rotating said drum, substantially as described.

3. In a rotary drier an outer shell, a drum suitably mounted therein, a series of hollow blades arranged in said drum and extending toward one another past the axis of the drum, said blades forming heating-surfaces, a closure-plate for one end of the blades, means foil connecting said drum to a source of heat-Y supply, and means for rotating said drum and sleeve, substantially as described.

4. In a rotary drier, a revolving drum a series of longitudinally extending hollow blades forming heating surfaces or flues secured to the inner face of said drum, said blades extending toward one another past the axis of the drum, and means for connecting said drum to a source of heat-supply, substantially as described.

5. In a rotary drier, an outer casing, a drum arranged therein and forming a heating-'s pace, a series of hollow blades arranged therein and extending toward one another past the axis of the drum, said blades forming heating-surfaces and in communication with said heating-space, a closureplate for the said blades, means for connecting said drum to a source of heat-supply, and means for revolving said drum and said casing, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES L. OUMMINGS.

'Witnesses W. C. HAUFF, E. F. KASTENHUBER. 

